An overview of the most recent development of solar energy in China. A new pattern from stationary to distributive forms of solar energy is highlighted. Reasons for the changing pattern: Diversified prices and subsidies. Challenges and policy options for the expansion of China's solar energy.
China has already made major commitments to transitioning its energy systems towards renewables, especially power generation from solar, wind and hydro sources. However, there are many unknowns about the future of solar energy in China, including its cost, technical feasibility and grid compatibility in the coming decades.
As for distributed solar power, there are two utilization models: (A) self-consumption and selling surplus to the grid; and (B) selling all solar generations to the grid. To reduce the costs of transmission and distribution (such as transmission loss), model A is more encouraged by the Chinese government.
According to the plan, China will accelerate building large wind power and photovoltaic bases in deserts, and will in the meantime encourage distributed power generation in villages, industrial parks and building rooftops. By 2025, half of new buildings of public institutions will have solar power facilities on their rooftops.
Around the same time, China started to step up its solar push. The “ golden sun ” initiative in 2009 was one of China’s early efforts to drive the industry. It provided subsidies for: installing solar PV on buildings, formulating technical standards, and promoting certain key technologies.
The rapid expansions of the wind and solar power industries have made significant contributions to China's broader economic growth. Data from the National Bureau of Statistics shows that in the first half of this year, China's output of photovoltaic cells and wind turbines increased 54.5 percent and 48.1 percent, respectively.
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