AbstractŠCharge equalization is an important part of the charge process for series-connected battery cells. This paper reviews battery behavior and performance related to the equalization problem, in the context of vavle-regulated lead-acid batteries.
For this reason, an equalization system is necessary, mainly for both VRLA and lithium-ion batteries [1-4]. In any battery charging process, a solution to ensure a voltage balance or equalization of the charge is needed to restore balance or at least prevent it from developing .
In the realm of battery maintenance, equalizing charge is a crucial procedure, particularly for flooded lead-acid batteries. This specific maintenance technique ensures optimal performance and extends the lifespan of batteries by addressing common issues such as sulfation and voltage imbalances.
Figure 2 illustrates the impact of using an active equalization system for a pack of batteries. Indeed, with an active equalization system, a pack of batteries accomplishes at least 450 charging/discharging cycles, where the pack of batteries without active equalization reaches only 140 driving cycles.
This process involves applying a higher voltage than the normal charging voltage to the battery, which helps to balance the individual cell voltages and promote overall battery health. One of the main purposes of an equalizing charge is to combat the uneven distribution of acid concentration within each cell.
It shows that the performance of active systems is significantly better than passive systems. Experimental results show that even for maintenance free batteries, a periodic equalization process is needed in order to extend their lifespan. 1876-6102 © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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