The solar cell type, design, and configuration all impact panel efficiency, with the N-type back-contact (IBC) cells being the most efficient. Until mid-2024, SunPower, now known as Maxeon, was still in the top spot with the new Maxeon 7 series.
The most efficient solar panels on the market generally use either N-type (IBC) monocrystalline silicon cells or other highly efficient N-type variations, including heterojunction (HJT) and TOPcon cells.
Most panel manufacturers offer a range of models, including regular entry-level options and more advanced high-efficiency varieties featuring new technologies such as high-density cells, micro-wire busbars and rear-side passivation. Below is a list of the leading PV cell technologies used today: IBC - Interdigitated Back Contact cells
The top 14 highest scoring modules scored efficiencies of 20% or more. An n-type TOPCon cell scored the highest at 25.8% efficiency, followed by a monocrystalline silicon module with heterojunction technology, recording a 22.4% efficiency. PAN file Top performers: Dehui Solar, JA Solar, Longi Solar, Qcells, Runergy, Yingli Solar
Recent progress with organic, perovskite and CdTe cells has been most notable, with good progress also with CIGS. Figure 6B shows similar progress with photovoltaic modules with CdTe and CIGS being the recent standouts. Figure 6C shows the results for concentrator cells and modules.
Sunpower, Aiko, SPIC and Recom are currently the leading manufacturers using IBC cells. However, the latest panels from REC, Longi, Huasun, Panasonic, Trina and Canadian Solar utilise very efficient N-type heterojunction (HJT) and TOPCon cells.
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