Currently, the favored disposal route for batteries is shredding of complete systems and then separation of i ndividual fractions. This can be effective f or the partial recovery of some materials, producing impure, mixed or contaminated waste streams. For an advantages over shredding. This paper presents an alternative complete system disassembly
However, current research on battery recycling mainly focuses on the recovery of metals in the cathode scrap, with little reported on the recovery of electrolyte and anode scrap.
battery cell. This particular waste stream is, however, of considerably lower economical value than the critical materials (particularly metals) present in the electrodes and electrolyte. Once collected, the pouch is placed in a water bath and subsequently tested for re-use/recycling. and nylon 6 (PA6).
The total cost per pack disassembly into modules ranges from EUR 80 to 110, depending on the size of the disassembly plants, in Germany. Rallo et al. considered the laboratory scale and determined a total cost of EUR 1325 to disassemble the Smart ForFour battery pack into cells.
Disassembling battery cells shows the risk of high-voltage injuries and triggering thermal or chemical reactions if the cell sustains damage during the process. This may result in the release of hydrofluoric acid when it comes into contact with water or the potential for an organic solvent electrolyte to ignite due to a short circuit [ 46 ].
It prohibits the use of hazardous substances in batteries and establishes rules for their collection, treatment, recycling, and disposal [ 15 ]. For industrial and traction batteries like LIB and NiMH batteries, battery recycling processes must meet a minimum recycling efficiency of 50% by average weight.
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