In this study, the environmental assessment of one battery pack (with a nominal capacity of 11.4 kWh able to be used for about 140,000 km of driving) is carried out by using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology consistent with ISO 14040.
By providing a nuanced understanding of the environmental, economic, and social dimensions of lithium-based batteries, the framework guides policymakers, manufacturers, and consumers toward more informed and sustainable choices in battery production, utilization, and end-of-life management.
In the battery pack, the BMS that contains an integrated circuit makes a large environmental contribution to the CF and EF. The sheet rolling process and the aluminum material show significance for the WF. In the battery cell, the positive electrode material in the cathode is the key factor influencing the battery pack’s environmental burden.
For instance, the goal may be to evaluate the environmental, social, and economic impacts of the batteries and identify opportunities for improvement. Alternatively, the goal may include comparing the sustainability performance of various Li-based battery types or rating the sustainability of the entire battery supply chain.
For six battery packs, the component with the greatest contribution to the CF is the BMS, while four and seven battery packs claim that the BMS is the largest contributor to the WF and EF, respectively. It is obvious that with the same weight, the BMS has the greatest environmental burden in most cases.
Environmental characteristic index of EVs with different battery packs in different areas. The environmental characteristic index is a positive index; the greater the value is, the better its environmental performance. Li–S battery pack was the cleanest, while LMO/NMC-C had the largest environmental load.
Environmental impact assessment of lithium ion battery …
The system boundary for conducting a Lithium-Ion battery Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) spans many stages of its lifespan. This includes raw material extraction and processing, which involves acquiring materials such as lithium and cobalt, manufacturing, which involves the production of battery components, transportation of materials and batteries, the …
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Environmental impact assessment of battery boxes based on
The environmental benefits of EVs during the use phase are evident, while the production phase is constrained by the manufacturing of lithium-ion battery packs 8, resulting in higher environmental ...
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Estimating the environmental impacts of global lithium-ion battery ...
Here, we analyze the cradle-to-gate energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of current and future nickel-manganese-cobalt and lithium-iron-phosphate battery …
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Comprehensive evaluation on production and recycling of lithium …
To improve the comprehensive evaluation efficiency, the battery structure, design parameters, material composition in the production process and material source, …
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Exploring the energy and environmental sustainability of advanced ...
This study examines how advanced battery technologies, including Ni-rich cathode materials and CTP battery pack design, impact the energy and environmental sustainability of batteries …
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Assessing the environmental benefits of battery packs …
In this study, multiple environmental assessment indicators were grouped into a comprehensive index, namely the green characteristic index, and the green characteristic index was used to comprehensively evaluate the …
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Life Cycle Assessment Based Environmental Footprint of a Battery ...
Recycling of the lithium-ion battery has several advantages as it reduces battery cost, environment pollution and energy consumption. This study used European …
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Exploring the energy and environmental sustainability of …
This study examines how advanced battery technologies, including Ni-rich cathode materials and CTP battery pack design, impact the energy and environmental sustainability of batteries across their entire life cycle, encompassing production, usage, …
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Environmental impact assessment on production and material …
Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) have been expected to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and other environmental impacts. However, GHG emissions of lithium ion battery (LiB) production for a vehicle with recycling during its life cycle have not been clarified. Moreover, demands for nickel (Ni), cobalt, lithium, and …
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Exploring the energy and environmental sustainability of …
This study conducted a life cycle assessment of 14 battery packs to investigate the environmental benefits of advanced battery manufacturing techniques. Evaluation results were normalized, using LFP as the benchmark set at 100 %, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. S11. Clearly, LFP battery production has a lower environmental impact than most NCM batteries, especially in WC and …
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The environmental footprint of electric vehicle battery packs …
We investigate two cases of 1 kg battery production and 1 kWh battery production to assess nickel–cobalt–manganese (NMC) and lithium–iron phosphate (LFP) battery packs and compare their degrees of environmental friendliness. Then, we break down the battery pack to identify the key factors influencing the environmental burden and use ...
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Life cycle environmental impact assessment for battery-powered …
By introducing the life cycle assessment method and entropy weight method to quantify environmental load, a multilevel index evaluation system was established based on …
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The environmental footprint of electric vehicle battery packs …
We investigate two cases of 1 kg battery production and 1 kWh battery production to assess nickel–cobalt–manganese (NMC) and lithium–iron phosphate (LFP) …
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Environmental life cycle implications of upscaling lithium-ion battery …
Life cycle assessment (LCA) literature evaluating environmental burdens from lithium-ion battery (LIB) production facilities lacks an understanding of how environmental burdens have changed over time due to a transition to large-scale production. The purpose of this study is hence to examine the effect of upscaling LIB production using unique life cycle inventory data …
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Lithium-Ion Vehicle Battery Production
With an increasing number of battery electric vehicles being produced, the contribution of the lithium-ion batteries'' emissions to global warming has become a relevant concern. The wide range of emission estimates in LCAs from the past decades have made production emissions a topic for debate. This IVL report updates the estimated battery production emissions in global warming …
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Life Cycle Assessment Based Environmental Footprint of a Battery …
Recycling of the lithium-ion battery has several advantages as it reduces battery cost, environment pollution and energy consumption. This study used European electricity mix as the GWP depends upon the type and sources of electricity for the production phase of any product/process [4].
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Life cycle assessment of lithium-based batteries: Review of ...
This review offers a comprehensive study of Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (E-LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC), Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and …
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Life cycle assessment of lithium-based batteries: Review of ...
Life cycle assessment is a widely used tool to quantify the potential environmental effects of battery production, usage, and disposal/recycling. This framework for the assessment of the environmental impacts consists of four stages. Fig. 3 represents the four stages of LCA for Li-based battery. The most important application for assessing the …
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Environmental Impact Assessment in the Entire Life Cycle of Lithium …
Compared to recycling, reusing recovered materials for battery manufacturing would lessen the environmental footprints and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and energy consumption. Thus, to prevent pollution and safeguard the environment, it is necessary to consider recycling spent LIBs and improving production and disposal methods.
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Life cycle assessment of lithium-based batteries: Review of ...
This review offers a comprehensive study of Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (E-LCA), Life Cycle Costing (LCC), Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA) methodologies in the context of lithium-based batteries. Notably, the study distinguishes itself by integrating not only environmental ...
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Energy and environmental assessment of a traction lithium-ion battery …
This article presents an environmental assessment of a lithium-ion traction battery for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, ... the environmental assessment of one battery pack (with a nominal capacity of 11.4 kWh able to be used for about 140,000 km of driving) is carried out by using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology consistent with ISO 14040. The system …
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Assessing the environmental benefits of battery packs from …
In this study, multiple environmental assessment indicators were grouped into a comprehensive index, namely the green characteristic index, and the green characteristic index was used to comprehensively evaluate the environmental impact of 11 kinds of battery packs.
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Life cycle environmental impact assessment for battery …
By introducing the life cycle assessment method and entropy weight method to quantify environmental load, a multilevel index evaluation system was established based on environmental battery...
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Lithium‐ion battery cell production in Europe: Scenarios for …
1.1 Importance of the market and lithium-ion battery production. In the global energy policy, electric vehicles (EVs) play an important role to reducing the use of fossil fuels and promote the application of renewable energy. Notably, the EV market is growing rapidly. Many major car manufacturers have announced that they no longer intend to produce combustion …
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Life Cycle Assessment of a Lithium-Ion Battery Vehicle Pack
(DOI: 10.1111/JIEC.12072) Electric vehicles (EVs) have no tailpipe emissions, but the production of their batteries leads to environmental burdens. In order to avoid problem shifting, a life cycle perspective should be applied in the environmental assessment of traction batteries. The aim of this study was to provide a transparent inventory for a lithium-ion nickel …
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Estimating the environmental impacts of global lithium-ion battery …
Here, we analyze the cradle-to-gate energy use and greenhouse gas emissions of current and future nickel-manganese-cobalt and lithium-iron-phosphate battery technologies. We consider existing battery supply chains and future electricity grid decarbonization prospects for countries involved in material mining and battery production.
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Comprehensive evaluation on production and recycling of lithium …
To improve the comprehensive evaluation efficiency, the battery structure, design parameters, material composition in the production process and material source, recycling methods and battery types in the recovery process are considered.
Learn More
Energy and environmental assessment of a traction lithium-ion battery …
In this study, the environmental assessment of one battery pack (with a nominal capacity of 11.4 kWh able to be used for about 140,000 km of driving) is carried out by using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology consistent with ISO 14040. The system boundaries are the battery production, the operation phase and recycling at the end of life ...
Learn More
Energy and environmental assessment of a traction lithium-ion …
In this study, the environmental assessment of one battery pack (with a nominal capacity of 11.4 kWh able to be used for about 140,000 km of driving) is carried out by using …
Learn More
Environmental Impact Assessment in the Entire Life Cycle of …
Compared to recycling, reusing recovered materials for battery manufacturing would lessen the environmental footprints and reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) and …
Learn More
