The assessment results show that the reliability of the entire battery system is lower than that of individual components, including battery modules. The entire system degrades more rapidly over time compared to the degradation of individual components.
Determining the reliability of an electric vehicle battery system should be based on the consideration of the reliability of all battery system components, not just the reliability of battery cells and battery modules. Overlooking the reliability of other components could lead to an overestimation of the entire battery system's reliability.
Besides, the influence of degrading circumstances on reliability indicators over the battery’s lifespan, such as a high C-rate at a low temperature throughout the battery's lifetime, has been presented in a comprehensive investigated case study in this work. 1. Introduction
In other words, the reliability of the battery at 10 °C under standard charge–discharge test protocols is less than under other degradation conditions. Considering the trend of events in risk analysis, in this case, it has been expected that the operating of the batteries at 25° and 10° will become less reliable over time. 4.2.
The reliability of EV batteries has been greatly improved by various studies, including those on vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and grid-to-vehicle (G2V) strategies. Despite these advancements, the battery system in an EV is a complex system. All these studies have contributed to enhancing the reliability of EV batteries.
The reliability index of a battery system after running for 2,000 hours is 98.1%, 5,000 hours is 95.3%, 10,000 hours is 90.9%, 15,000 hours is 86.7%, and 20,000 hours is 82.6%. It is interestingly found that the degradation is dominated mainly by the BMS controller rather than by battery cells and battery modules.
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