Building upon both strands of work, we propose to characterize business models of energy storage as the combination of an application of storage with the revenue stream earned from the operation and the market role of the investor.
The factors that influence the business model include peak–valley price difference, frequency modulation ratio of the market, as well as the investment cost of energy storage, so this paper will discuss from the following perspectives. (1) Analysis of Peak–Valley Electricity Price Policy
Energy storage stations have different benefits in different scenarios. In scenario 1, energy storage stations achieve profits through peak shaving and frequency modulation, auxiliary services, and delayed device upgrades . In scenario 2, energy storage power station profitability through peak-to-valley price differential arbitrage.
According to the calculation results in 4.2 and 4.3, peak regulation income and frequency modulation, the ratio plays an important role in the energy storage economy. Table 7.
The modular design allowed us to build a storage with thermal capacity enabling the storage of thermal energy both for the needs of a small house and production plants. The amount of energy produced by a photovoltaic installation with a capacity of 9.6 kWp located in Southern Poland was also measured.
Although academic analysis finds that business models for energy storage are largely unprofitable, annual deployment of storage capacity is globally on the rise (IEA, 2020). One reason may be generous subsidy support and non-financial drivers like a first-mover advantage (Wood Mackenzie, 2019).
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