The history of zinc-based flow batteries is longer than that of the vanadium flow battery but has only a handful of demonstration systems. The currently available demo and application for zinc-based flow batteries are zinc-bromine flow batteries, alkaline zinc-iron flow batteries, and alkaline zinc-nickel flow batteries.
Among the above-mentioned flow batteries, the zinc-based flow batteries that leverage the plating-stripping process of the zinc redox couples in the anode are very promising for distributed energy storage because of their attractive features of high safety, high energy density, and low cost .
Notably, the zinc-bromine flow battery has become one of the most mature technologies among numerous zinc-based flow batteries currently in existence, which holds the most promise for the future. Compared with other redox couples, ZnBr 2 is highly soluble in the electrolyte, which enables zinc-bromine flow battery a high energy density.
This novel zinc–air battery is capable of delivering a peak power density of 102 mW cm −2, surpassing state-of-the-art paper-based power sources. The superior power density originates from the boosted electrochemically active surface area of the cathode, which enhances the oxygen reduction reaction kinetics.
A novel zinc-air flow battery is first designed for long-duration energy storage. A max power density of 178 mW cm −2 is achieved by decoupling the electrolyte. Fast charging is realized by introducing KI in the electrolyte as a reaction modifier. Zinc dendrite and cathode degradation can be alleviated at lower charging voltage.
Aqueous zinc–nickel battery chemistry is intrinsically safer than non-aqueous battery chemistry (e.g. lithium-based batteries) and offers comparable energy density. In this work, we show how combining high Battery science and technology – powered by chemistry
A High‐Power Aqueous Zinc–Organic Radical Battery with Tunable ...
DFT calculations reveal that the stronger interaction of the anion with the organic radical host, the higher the operating voltage of the Zn–organic radical battery. In contrast to traditional rechargeable rock-chair metal-ion batteries, dual-ion batteries (DIBs) involve redox reactions with anions rather than cations in p-type cathodes.
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High‐Power‐Density Rechargeable Hybrid Alkali/Acid …
The h-RZAB can deliver a high power density among the reported Zn-based batteries, and importantly, it can also upgrade glycerol during the charging process using a lower voltage than during discharging. This …
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Hierarchical porous S-doped Fe–N–C electrocatalyst for high-power …
Despite its superior intrinsic activity, the power density of the Fe–N–C catalyst assembled zinc–air battery was far from satisfactory (<300 mW cm −2) [23, 24].This originated from the low site density of active Fe–N 4 moiety (~3 wt%) in the Fe–N–C catalysts [25].Therefore, a thicker catalyst layer in the air electrode was required to improve the overall …
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Binder-induced ultrafast PF6−-intercalation toward a high-voltage, high …
Metallic zinc is an ideal anode material owing to its high theoretical capacity (819 mAh·g−1), eco-friendliness, low cost and high safety, which have driven fast development of Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs). However, the practical application of current ZIBs is significantly restricted by irregular dendrite growth of zinc anode and the low working voltage (usually < 2 V) of …
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High-energy and high-power Zn–Ni flow batteries with …
Aqueous zinc–nickel battery chemistry is intrinsically safer than non-aqueous battery chemistry (e.g. lithium-based batteries) and offers comparable energy density. In this work, we show how combining high Battery science and …
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High-Power-Density and High-Energy-Efficiency Zinc-Air Flow Battery …
To achieve long-duration energy storage (LDES), a technological and economical battery technology is imperative. Herein, we demonstrate an all-around zinc-air flow battery (ZAFB), where a decoupled acid-alkaline electrolyte elevates the discharge voltage to ∼1.8 V, and a reaction modifier KI lowers the charging voltage to ∼1.8 V.
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Perspectives on zinc-based flow batteries
The currently available demo and application for zinc-based flow batteries are …
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Redox-targeting catalyst developing new reaction path for high-power …
Among various energy storage technologies, flow batteries, particularly zinc-bromine flow batteries (ZBFBs) [6, 7], receives widespread recognition and attention, for high redox potential, abundant raw material reserves, high energy density, and low cost [8, 9]. However, some inherent drawbacks still exist, impeding the commercialization process of …
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A high-rate and long-life zinc-bromine flow battery
Zinc-bromine flow batteries (ZBFBs) offer great potential for large-scale energy storage owing to the inherent high energy density and low cost. However, practical applications of this technology are hindered by low power density and short cycle life, mainly due to large polarization and non-uniform zinc deposition. In this work, a systematic study is presented to …
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A High‐Power Aqueous Zinc–Organic Radical Battery …
DFT calculations reveal that the stronger interaction of the anion with the organic radical host, the higher the operating voltage of the Zn–organic radical battery. In contrast to traditional rechargeable rock-chair metal-ion …
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High power zinc iodine redox flow battery with iron …
The zinc iodine (ZI) redox flow battery (RFB) has emerged as a promising candidate for grid-scale electrical energy storage owing to its high energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness. In this work, ZI RFBs were made with electrodes comprising carbon nanotubes (CNT) with redox-active iron parti
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High-energy and high-power Zn–Ni flow batteries with semi-solid ...
Aqueous zinc–nickel battery chemistry is intrinsically safer than non-aqueous battery chemistry (e.g. lithium-based batteries) and offers comparable energy density. In this work, we show how combining high Battery science and technology – powered by chemistry
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A Rechargeable Zn–Air Battery with High Energy Efficiency …
1 Introduction. The rechargeable zinc–air battery (ZAB) has attracted significant interest as a lightweight, benign, safe, cheap aqueous battery, with a high theoretical energy density (1086 Wh kg Zn −1), four times higher than current lithium-ion batteries. [1-4]A major limitation of ZABs is their high charging overvoltage (that leads to charging potential > 2 V), …
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A high power density paper-based zinc–air battery with a …
This novel zinc–air battery is capable of delivering a peak power density of 102 mW cm −2, surpassing state-of-the-art paper-based power sources. The superior power density originates from the boosted electrochemically active surface area of the cathode, which enhances the oxygen reduction reaction kinetics.
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Design Strategies for Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries with High Zinc Utilization: From Metal Anodes to Anode〧ree Structures Xianfu Zhang, Long Zhang*, Xinyuan Jia, Wen Song, Yongchang Liu* Nano-Micro Letters (2024)16: 75
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High power zinc iodine redox flow battery with iron …
The zinc iodine (ZI) redox flow battery (RFB) has emerged as a promising candidate for grid-scale electrical energy storage owing to its high energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness. In this work, ZI RFBs …
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Advanced zinc-air batteries based on high-performance hybrid ...
Here we demonstrate primary and rechargeable Zn-air batteries using highly active and durable air electrocatalysts based on high-performance non-precious metal oxide or hydroxide for oxygen...
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Perspectives on zinc-based flow batteries
The currently available demo and application for zinc-based flow batteries are zinc-bromine flow batteries, alkaline zinc-iron flow batteries, and alkaline zinc-nickel flow batteries. Notably, the zinc-bromine flow battery has become one of the most mature technologies among numerous zinc-based flow batteries currently in existence, which holds ...
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Weighing the Pros and Cons of Nickel-Zinc Batteries
The pros of Nickel-Zinc batteries. 1. High power density: Ni-Zn batteries have twice the power density of lead-acid batteries. For the same level of backup power, Ni-Zn is about half the size and half the weight. "Ni-Zn …
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High‐Power‐Density Hybrid Acid/Alkali Zinc–Air Battery for High ...
Herein, a hybrid acid/alkali zinc air desalination battery (hAA-ZADB) capable of concurrent desalination and high-power density is reported. To improve cathodic efficiency and cost-effectiveness, an electrocatalyst with dual atomic Fe–Mn sites on porous dodecahedral carbon (Mn-Fe/p-DC) is fabricated through a simple direct pyrolysis strategy ...
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A high power density single flow zinc–nickel battery with three ...
One of the most promising systems, zinc–nickel batteries are of high open circle potential (1.705 V) and high energy density (above 65 Wh kg −1) [15]. Furthermore, ZNBs are made from cheap, non-toxic materials that are inherently safe. No membrane is needed, which simplifies the battery system and reduces the integration cost. But together with other …
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High‐Power‐Density Hybrid Acid/Alkali Zinc–Air Battery for High ...
Herein, a hybrid acid/alkali zinc air desalination battery (hAA-ZADB) capable …
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Designing interphases for practical aqueous zinc flow batteries …
Aqueous zinc flow batteries (AZFBs) with high power density and high areal capacity are attractive, both in terms of cost and safety. A number of fundamental challenges associated with out-of-plane growth and undesirable side reactions on the anode side, as well as sluggish reaction kinetics and active material loss on the cathode side, limit practical …
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