Let’s dive into the standards making smart charging possible. For smart charging to work, the different actors within the electromobility ecosystem have to be able to communicate information on pricing, electricity needs and availability of EV charging stations to match demand and supply.
Performance and Durability Requirements (Article 10) Article 10 of the regulation mandates that from 18 August 2024, rechargeable industrial batteries with a capacity exceeding 2 kWh, LMT batteries, and EV batteries must be accompanied by detailed technical documentation.
These include performance and durability requirements for industrial batteries, electric vehicle (EV) batteries, and light means of transport (LMT) batteries; safety standards for stationary battery energy storage systems (SBESS); and information requirements on SOH and expected lifetime.
This is needed for the EV and charging station to agree on a charging schedule that serves the needs of the EV driver and the electricity grid. Technical standards enable such communication. All European public charging stations currently operate using the IEC 61851:2019 standard to connect to vehicles.
As cited in the DOE OE ES Program Plan, “Industry requires specifications of standards for characterizing the performance of energy storage under grid conditions and for modeling behavior. Discussions with industry professionals indicate a significant need for standards …” [1, p. 30].
At the moment, the charging capacity for individual vehicles is managed via the basic charging standard IEC 61851, which allows a charge point to set a maximum current level for charging. This standard only transmits the real-time limit at a given moment and does not allow communication to schedule loads at other times.
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