Integrated solar automatic circulation system diagram

How do solar panels work?

As the sun moves across the sky during the day, it is advantageous to have the solar panels track the location of the sun, such that the panels are always perpendicular to the solar energy radiated by the sun. This will tend to maximize the amount of power absorbed by PV systems.

How automation is achieved in irrigation?

As a key solution to this issue, automation in irrigation is achieved through this project. This is done with the help of microcontroller which in turn controls the moisture sensor, solenoid valve and water level sensor based on the input given.

How does solar tracking system work?

The solar tracking system in a Single Axis Automatic Solar Tracker works by using LDRs in a voltage divider circuit to sense the sunlight and actuate the stepper motor to rotate the panel over a single-axis so that the sun-rays are perpendicular to the panel's surface.

How a solar panel can be aligned?

With the help of micro controller, you can align the solar panel according to the intensity of the sunlight. Another component is the rechargeable battery which is used to store energy which is received from the panel. The purpose of the charge control is to control the charging of the battery.

How can solar power be used for irrigation?

Solar power can be used to generate electricity, it is also used in relatively simple technology to heat water. Two copper leads can be used as moisture sensor. This is dipped in the soil and checks the moisture content present. Measuring soil moisture is important step in deciding the duration of the irrigation.

How does a microcontroller program a solenoid valve?

The prototype design included resistor type sensor with the desired moisture level included in the program of the microprocessor. The microcontroller is programmed in such a way that if this value is less than 100 at a time prior to irrigation, then the solenoid valve will be turned ON.