In this context, development of solid-state batteries (SSBs) by replacing the liquid electrolyte with solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) is a promising solution to overcome the limitations of the conventional LIBs.
2. Solid Electrolytes: The Heart of Solid-State Batteries The gradual shift to solid electrolytes has been influenced by the prior development of conventional lithium (Li) batteries, which have traditionally employed liquid electrolytes.
Solid-state Li metal batteries that utilize a Li metal anode and a layered oxide or conversion cathode have the potential to almost double the specific energy of today’s state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries, which use a liquid electrolyte.
The gradual shift to solid electrolytes has been influenced by the prior development of conventional lithium (Li) batteries, which have traditionally employed liquid electrolytes. To provide a comparison, Table 1 displays some of the most widely used electrolytes along with the most significant characteristics of both types.
The solid-state design of SSBs leads to a reduction in the total weight and volume of the battery, eliminating the need for certain safety features required in liquid electrolyte lithium-ion batteries (LE-LIBs), such as separators and thermal management systems [3, 19].
Solid-state Li–S batteries (SSLSBs) offer significant advantages, including higher theoretical specific capacity, cost-effectiveness, and environmental benefits. This mini-review exclusively introduces design protocols with emphasis on key governing parameters of SSLSBs towards achieving a specific energy of more than 500 W h kg −1.
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