However, depending on the design of battery supply chains, environmental and socio-economic impacts can vary considerably. Especially the selection of suppliers as well as production locations and processes can have a major influence.
The battery recycling sector, still nascent in 2023, will be core to the future of EV supply chains, and to maximising the environmental benefits of batteries. Global recycling capacity reached over 300 GWh/year in 2023, of which more than 80% was located in China, far ahead of Europe and the United States with under 2% each.
A typical EV battery pack symbolizes “locked reserves” in the market over a duration of 10 years or more. Understanding the material flow, requirements, and management needed for EoL systems is crucial to achieving a sustainable, durable, and safe domestic supply chain for lithium-ion batteries.
Indeed, the energy expenditure associated with battery production and raw material extraction is a crucial factor in determining the overall environmental impact and reserve efficiency of EVs. We acknowledge the necessity of incorporating these energy costs into our analysis to provide a more holistic evaluation of EV sustainability.
This adjustment underscores the critical role that the battery industry will play in the future supply chain of these essential minerals and highlights the importance of strategic planning and investment in mineral extraction and recycling technologies to meet the burgeoning demand.
Sample calculations for a standard NMC (LiNi x Mn y Co z O 2)/graphite battery pack rated at 260 miles are shown in Figure 1 a. The quantity of cathode and anode materials needed for 1 EV battery pack are approximately 130 and 84 kg, respectively.
Battery for automotive: A supply chain dominated by Asian …
Driving forces in the automotive battery sector: a spotlight on key industry players, expansion strategies, and sustainability initiatives. OUTLINE The total annual market for Li-ion battery packs for BEV and PHEV will grow to about US$180 billion in 2028, with a 16.9% CAGR 22-28. A battery cell supply chain primarily led by Asian players: China […]
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EV Battery Supply Chain Sustainability – Analysis
Battery demand is expected to continue ramping up, raising concerns about sustainability and demand for critical minerals as production increases. This report analyses the emissions related to batteries throughout the supply chain and over the full battery lifetime and highlights priorities for reducing emissions. Life cycle analysis of ...
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The Lithium-Ion (EV) battery market and supply chain
The dependency of the industry on LiB cells and critical battery materials creates significant supply chain risks along the full value chain Overview LiB Cell Supply Chain (CAM/AAM only, example NCM chemistry) Mining Refining •Production and processing of natural resources •Long-term investment cycles, high required investment
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Global Supply Chains of EV Batteries – Analysis
In the short term, the greatest obstacles to continued strong EV sales are soaring prices for some critical minerals essential for battery manufacturing, as well as supply chain disruptions caused by Russia''s attack on Ukraine and by continued Covid-19 lockdowns in some parts of China. In the longer term, greater efforts are needed to roll ...
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Global Supply Chains of EV Batteries – Analysis
This special report by the International Energy Agency that examines EV battery supply chains from raw materials all the way to the finished product, spanning different segments of manufacturing steps: materials, components, cells and electric vehicles. It focuses on the challenges and opportunities that arise when developing secure, resilient ...
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Comparison of lithium-ion battery supply chains – a life cycle ...
To this end, alternative supply chains for three battery types covering the required steps from raw material extraction to battery cell production are investigated using a life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) approach. The investigation seeks to highlight the differences between the supply chain configurations in terms of environmental ...
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2021 2024 FOUR YEAR REVIEW SUPPLY CHAINS FOR THE ADVANCED BATTERIES S
Figure 3. Battery supply chain map Note: Battery supply chain map. Representative view, not inclusive of all steps, subcomponents, or chemistries. Notes: 1. MGS = Metallurgical Grade Silicon. 2. LiPF6 is common, but other electrolyte salts may also be used. 3. PVDF = Polyvinylidene Fluoride, polymers used as binders and in separator material. 4 ...
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Electric vehicle battery value chain opportunity | McKinsey
In the coming years, building a competitive player capable of producing mass-market battery cells at less than $70 per kilowatt hour (kWh), which translates to EV battery packs cheaper than $100 per kWh, requires companies to reduce costs plant by plant and procure supplies at scale. The next few years will see large volumes, and OEMs tend to close long …
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NREL Battery Supply Chain Database Maps Out the …
As of March 2024, the database now offers a directory of nearly 700 companies and 850 facilities in North America across lithium-ion battery supply chain segments, including mining, material processing, cell and pack …
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Global Supply Chains of EV Batteries – Analysis
This special report by the International Energy Agency that examines EV battery supply chains from raw materials all the way to the finished product, spanning different segments of manufacturing steps: materials, …
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Outlook for battery and energy demand – Global EV Outlook …
As the EV stock ages, effective end-of-life strategies that encompass recycling and reuse must be put in place to make supply chains circular and to help mitigate critical mineral demand. The battery recycling sector, still nascent in 2023, will be core to the future of EV supply chains, and to maximising the environmental benefits of batteries.
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Outlook for battery and energy demand – Global EV …
As the EV stock ages, effective end-of-life strategies that encompass recycling and reuse must be put in place to make supply chains circular and to help mitigate critical mineral demand. The battery recycling sector, still nascent in …
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Toward security in sustainable battery raw material supply
Battery Insights by McKinsey is a dedicated platform providing data-driven analytics and tailored solutions across the battery value chain, from component production to cell manufacturing, pack assembly, second life, and recycling. We support battery manufacturers, suppliers, investors, and key customers in the automotive and energy storage ...
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Lithium-ion battery demand forecast for 2030 | McKinsey
The strategies and goals presented here are aligned with both McKinsey''s battery supply chain vision and the GBA''s principles. Global market outlook for 2030 . Global demand for Li-ion batteries is expected to soar over the next decade, with the number of GWh required increasing from about 700 GWh in 2022 to around 4.7 TWh by 2030 (Exhibit 1). …
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EV Battery Supply Chain Sustainability – Analysis
Battery demand is expected to continue ramping up, raising concerns about sustainability and demand for critical minerals as production increases. This report analyses …
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A Perspective on the Battery Value Chain and the Future of Battery ...
For instance, under the NZE scenario and assuming 75 kWh NMC811 battery packs, the Li, Co, and Ni demand will be 7, 8, and 11 multiples, respectively, of the supply …
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Lithium Ion Battery Supply Chain Outlook: 2040 | Morgan Stanley
Learn why meeting demand for electric vehicles will require a rewiring of the supply chain for lithium-ion batteries with investments of up to $7 trillion through 2040.
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Electric vehicle battery supply chain analysis 2021: How lithium …
Data and analysis of upstream and downstream supply chain for EV batteries, including: Raw material and mineral supplier analysis for lithium-ion batteries: lithium, cobalt, nickel, manganese; Component supplier analysis for lithium-ion batteries: cathodes materials, anodes, electrolytes, separators ; Battery management systems (BMS) Thermal management …
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A Perspective on the Battery Value Chain and the Future of Battery ...
For instance, under the NZE scenario and assuming 75 kWh NMC811 battery packs, the Li, Co, and Ni demand will be 7, 8, and 11 multiples, respectively, of the supply figures in 2022 (Figure 4). This requires a considerable acceleration in building up the production capacities compared to the 2016–2022 period during which the supply of Li, Co, and Ni only …
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Insights into the Critical Materials Supply Chain of the Battery …
A comprehensive understanding of material flows and end-of-life battery management is essential to establish a sustainable, durable, and secure domestic supply chain for lithium-ion batteries. In addressing these concerns, the paper introduces a metric designed to assess the "per mile" consumption of critical reserves called "Materials ...
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Toward security in sustainable battery raw material …
Battery Insights by McKinsey is a dedicated platform providing data-driven analytics and tailored solutions across the battery value chain, from component production to cell manufacturing, pack assembly, second life, and …
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The ultimate guide to the EV battery supply chain
The EV battery supply chain consists of components that must be managed for the entire system to operate efficiently. These components include raw materials, production processes, distribution networks, and end-use applications. Raw materials are necessary for making batteries; these can include lithium, cobalt, manganese, nickel and other metals. …
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Comparison of lithium-ion battery supply chains – a life cycle ...
To this end, alternative supply chains for three battery types covering the required steps from raw material extraction to battery cell production are investigated using a life cycle …
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Insights into the Critical Materials Supply Chain of the Battery …
A comprehensive understanding of material flows and end-of-life battery management is essential to establish a sustainable, durable, and secure domestic supply …
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Lithium-ion cell manufacturing and value chain
Indian-made anodes are poised to be competitively priced, making them attractive to battery manufacturers seeking supply chain diversification, aligning with the "China+1" approach. Key players like Epsilon …
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Trends in electric vehicle batteries – Global EV Outlook 2024 ...
Battery packs used in EVs are typically made of a series of modules, each containing several battery cells. In the cell-to-pack configuration, battery cells are assembled to build a pack without using modules, which reduces the need for inert materials and increases energy density. In cell-to-chassis concepts, battery cells are used as part of ...
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Lithium Ion Battery Supply Chain Outlook: 2040
Learn why meeting demand for electric vehicles will require a rewiring of the supply chain for lithium-ion batteries with investments of up to $7 trillion through 2040.
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2021 2024 FOUR YEAR REVIEW SUPPLY CHAINS FOR THE …
Figure 3. Battery supply chain map Note: Battery supply chain map. Representative view, not inclusive of all steps, subcomponents, or chemistries. Notes: 1. MGS = Metallurgical Grade …
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A comprehensive analysis of India''s electric vehicle battery supply ...
The battery supply chain involves several stages, including extracting raw materials, manufacturing of battery cells, modules, and packs, and recycling end-of-life batteries. Each stage presents its own set of challenges, such as securing a stable supply of raw materials, achieving economies of scale in production, ensuring quality control, and minimizing …
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