In this paper a model able to estimate temperature effects for PV panels installed on a car under real meteorological conditions is developed. Results showed that the parking phases are the most critical, where the increase in the photovoltaic panels temperature to a sensible reduction of their efficiency.
Results showed that the parking phases are the most critical, where the increase in the photovoltaic panels temperature to a sensible reduction of their efficiency. Nonetheless, the energy produced by the panels can represent the majority of the energy spent in the urban use of a vehicle. 1. Introduction and motivations
The thermal model presented in this study allows to estimate the temperature of photovoltaic panels installed on the body of a vehicle and to evaluate the efficiency drop of panels themselves. The model incorporates atmospheric condition and the material composition of the photovoltaic panels and of the body of the vehicle.
The roof panels reaches a temperature higher than the ambient since it is also subjected to heating from cabin of the vehicle, while the bonnet panels never exceeds the ambient temperature. Lastly, when the solar irradiance decreases, the panels temperature change is driven by heat exchange with ambient air and the sky. Fig. 24.
A cold climate, such as that found in Russia, Finland, and Norway, allows the photovoltaic panels to be cooled by air and the car's interior to be heated with absorbed heat. If the climate is hot, it is preferable to use nanofluids or hybrid exchangers of nanofluids and PCM to cool the panels and interior of the car.
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed. The negative effect of the operating temperature on the functioning of photovoltaic panels has become a significant issue in the actual energetic context and has been studied intensively during the last decade.
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