If the battery or battery compartment of an electric vehicle is damaged, it can explode, if wet, or catch fire, which creates a hazardous gas. Chattanooga Fire Department spokesperson Lindsey Rogers said the department is deeply concerned. "There are unique hazards involving these types of vehicles," she said in a written statement.
And that can lead to intense and long-lasting fires fuelled by the battery itself. Or an explosion. “When a lithium-ion battery pack bursts into flames, it releases toxic fumes, burns violently and is extremely hard to put out,” explains University of South Carolina Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering Xinyu Huang.
Three of the lithium-ion batteries that ignited were damaged in high-speed, high-severity crashes, and the fourth lithium-ion battery fire occurred during normal vehicle operations. All three of the crash-damaged batteries reignited after firefighters extinguished the vehicle fires. The battery in the fourth investigation did not reignite.
"The challenge is when these electric vehicles do light on fire, they can create quite an unsafe area because these battery fires can even create an explosion risk and they can emit very toxic gases and chemicals," Dr Priestley said. One of the biggest problems was extinguishing a fire once an EV battery system caught alight.
"That's 15 tankers. A typical car fire takes around 30 minutes to handle and around 500-1,000 gallons of water. "Once they get to the wrecker yard, electric cars can still be dangerous after the accident. There could be incidents where the vehicle could spark a fire."
He said following a serious collision, EV owners should have the battery inspected as crashes can often mean it becomes mechanically damaged - which can lead to overheating. He also advised owners to never purchase second-hand batteries or do a DIY job on their EV.
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