However, despite the eforts made for more than 50 years, there has been no notable progress in the development of flexible silicon solar cells because of their rigidity1–4. Here we provide a strategy for fabricating large-scale, foldable silicon wafers and manufacturing flexible solar cells.
Emerging PCEs of flexible solar cells in the literature. Bending cycles decreased the PCE of the perovskite cell from 21% to 17%. For comparison, the certified PCE in this study of a 244.3 cm 2 c-Si wafer is also displayed. The dashed line indicates an efficiency boundary of 20%.
A study reports a combination of processing, optimization and low-damage deposition methods for the production of silicon heterojunction solar cells exhibiting flexibility and high performance.
The creative thin c-Si technology developed previously has a great potential for flexible solar cells 49, 50 because of sufficient utilization of the silicon material. Similar to the wet process, a dry method is also very efficient for improving the flexibility of the wafer (Supplementary Fig. 16).
Then, the wafers were textured in a 2.1-vol% alkali water solution at 80 °C for 10 min to form microscale pyramids on the surfaces. To fabricate flexible solar cells, the approximately 2-mm-wide marginal region of these 60-μm textured wafers was blunted in 10 vol% HF:90 vol% HNO3 solution for 90 s at room temperature.
Nature 626, 105–110 (2024) Cite this article Silicon solar cells are a mainstay of commercialized photovoltaics, and further improving the power conversion efficiency of large-area and flexible cells remains an important research objective 1, 2.
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