As the source of the power, the lithium batteries’ energy density and fast charge ability largely determine the practical application value and popularity of EVs. At the material level, stabilizing the electrode-electrolyte interface is undoubtedly the essence of breaking the performance limit.
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been at the forefront of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles for decades, driving technological advancements that have shaped the modern era (Weiss et al., 2021).
Lithium-ion batteries keep getting better and cheaper, but researchers are tweaking the technology further to eke out greater performance and lower costs. Some of the motivation comes from the price volatility of battery materials, which could drive companies to change chemistries. “It’s a cost game,” Sekine says.
Traditional lithium-ion batteries have been criticized for their use of lithium, cobalt, and nickel, which require significant mining and processing (Llamas-Orozco et al., 2023). However, new battery technologies that use sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium may offer more sustainable alternatives that are more abundant and widely distributed.
These emerging frontiers in battery technology hold great promise for overcoming the limitations of conventional lithium-ion batteries. To effectively explore the latest developments in battery technology, it is important to first understand the complex landscape that researchers and engineers are dealing with.
Lithium-sulfur batteries (Figure 2), like solid-state batteries, are poised to overcome the limitations of traditional lithium-ion batteries (Wang et al., 2023). These batteries offer a high theoretical energy density and have the potential to revolutionize energy storage technologies (Wang et al., 2022).
What''s next for batteries in 2023 | MIT Technology Review
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